Is Hawthorn Thorny? Orange Berries – Fruit of four different species of Crataegus (clockwise from top left: C. coccinea, C. punctata, C. ambigua, and C. douglasii)
Mayflower, or hawberry, is a gus of several hundred species of shrubs and trees in the family Rosaceae,
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Is Hawthorn Thorny? Orange Berries
Native to temperate regions of the northern hemisphere in Europe, Asia, North Africa and North America. The name “hawthorn” was originally applied to species native to northern Europe, particularly the common hawthorn C. monogyna, and the unmodified name is often used in Britain and Ireland. The name is now also applied to the tire gus and the related Asian gus Rhaphiolepis.
Small Orange Berries With Green Leaves. Hawthorn Autumn Berries. Soft Focus Stock Image
The geric epithet, Crataegus, is derived from the Greek kratos “strong” due to the great strength of the wood and akis “sharp”, referring to the thorns of certain species.
The name haw, originally an Old English term for hedge (from the Anglo-Saxon term haguthorn, “a fce with thorns”),
With small pome fruits and (usually) spiny branches. The most common type of bark is smooth gray in young individuals, developing shallow longitudinal fissures with narrow ridges in older trees. Thorns are small, pointed branches that arise either from other branches or from the trunk, and are usually 1–3 cm (1 ⁄2–1 in) long (recorded up to
). The leaves grow spirally arranged on long shoots and in clusters on spurred shoots on branches or twigs. The leaves of most species have lobed or serrated margins and are somewhat variable in shape. The fruit, sometimes called “haw”, resembles a berry but structurally a pip containing from one to five pyres which resemble the “pits” of plums, peaches, etc., which are drupaceous fruits of the same subfamily.
Foraging 101: How To Identify And Harvest Hawthorn
The number of species in the gus depends on taxonomic interpretation. Some botanists in the past have recognized 1000 or more species,
The gus probably first appeared in the Eoce, the ancestral area probably being eastern North America and Europe, which at that time remained closely linked due to the North Atlantic land bridge . The earliest known leaves of gus from the Eoce of North America, the earliest leaves of Europe from the Oligoce.
Hawthorns provide food and shelter for many species of birds and mammals, and the flowers are important for many nectar-eating insects. Hawthorns are also used as food plants by the larvae of a large number of Lepidoptera species, such as the lesser egg moth, E. lanestris. The haws are important for wildlife in winter, especially thrushes and waxwings; these birds eat the haws and disperse the seeds in their droppings.
The “haws” or fruits of the common hawthorn, C. monogyna, are edible. In the UK they are sometimes used to make jelly or homemade wine.
Thornless Cockspur Hawthorn
The leaves are edible, and if picked in the spring while still young, they are easier to use in salads.
The young leaves and flower buds, also edible, are called “bread and cheese” in the rural gland.
In the southern United States, the fruits of three native species are collectively known as mayhaws and are made into jellies that are considered a delicacy. The Kutai people of northwestern North America used red and black hawthorn fruits for food.
On Manitoulin Island, Ontario, some species with red fruits are called hawberries. During colonization, European settlers ate these fruits during the winter as their only remaining food source. People born on the island are now called haweaters.
Hawthorn, May, Maythorn, Whitethorn, Crataegus Monogyna/laevigata
The fruits of Crataegus mexicana are known in Mexico as tejocotes and are eaten raw, cooked or in jam during the winter. They are stuffed into the pinatas brok during the traditional pre-Christmas party known as Las Posadas. They are also cooked with other fruits to prepare a Christmas punch. Mixing tejocote paste, sugar, and chili powder produces a popular Mexican candy called rielitos, which is made by several brands.
The 4 cm fruits of Crataegus pinnatifida (Chinese hawthorn) are tart, bright red and resemble small crabapple fruits. They are used to make many types of Chinese snacks including haw flakes and being coated in sugar syrup and put on a tanghulu stick. The fruits, called 山楂 shān zhā in Chinese, are also used to produce jams, jellies, juices, liquors and other beverages; these could in turn be used in other dishes (e.g. many older Cantonese sweet and sour sauce recipes call shānzhā jam). In South Korea, a liquor called sansachun (산사춘) is made from the fruit.
In Iran, the fruits of Crataegus (including Crataegus azarolus var. aronia, as well as other species) are known as zâlzâlak and are eaten raw as a snack or made into jam known by the same name.
A 2008 Cochrane Collaboration meta-analysis of previous studies concluded that there is evidence of a “significant benefit in symptom control and physiological outcomes” for a hawthorn extract used as an adjuvant in the treatment of chronic heart failure.
Hawthorn Berries In Germany Stock Photo, Picture And Royalty Free Image. Image 22922813
Concluded that “Crataegus [hawthorn] preparations have significant potential as a useful remedy in the treatment of cardiovascular disease”. The review indicated the need for further study of the best dosages and concluded that although “many different theoretical interactions between Crataegus and orthodox drugs have been postulated…none have [yet] been substantiated.
Several species of hawthorn have been used in traditional medicine. Products used are often derived from C. monogyna, C. laevigata, or related species of Crataegus, “collectively known as hawthorn”, without necessarily distinguishing between these species.
The dried fruits of Crataegus pinnatifida (called shān zhā in Chinese) are used in traditional Chinese medicine, mainly as a digestive aid. A closely related species, Crataegus cuneata (Japanese hawthorn, called sanzashi in Japanese) is used similarly. Other species (particularly Crataegus laevigata) are used in herbal medicine where the plant is believed to support cardiovascular function.
The Kutai people of northwestern North America used black hawthorn fruit (Kutai language: kaǂa; approximate pronunciation: kasha) for food and red hawthorn fruit (Kutai language: ǂupǂi; pronunciation approximate: shupshi) in traditional medicine.
A Complete Guide To Washington Hawthorn Trees
Many species and hybrids are used as ornamental and avenue trees. Common hawthorn is widely used in Europe as a hedge plant. During the British Agricultural Revolution in the eighth and ninth centuries, young hawthorn trees were propagated en masse in nurseries to create the new field boundaries required by Inclusion Acts.
Several cultivars of Midland hawthorn C. laevigata have been selected for their pink or red flowers. Hawthorns are among the most recommended trees for water conservation landscapes.
Hawthorn can be used as a rootstock in the practice of grafting. It is graftable compatible with Mespilus (medlar) and with pear, and makes a stronger rootstock than quince, but hawthorn’s spiny suckering habit can be problematic.
Seedlings of Crataegus monogyna have been used to graft several species onto the same trunk, such as pink hawthorn, pear and medlar, resulting in trees that bear pink and white flowers in May and fruit during summer . “Chip budding” has also been practiced on hawthorn trunks to have branches of several varieties on the same tree. Such trees can be seen in Vigo, Spain, and in northwestern France (mainly in Brittany).
Firethorn Pyracantha Coccinea Orange Glow Berries Stock Photo 1544507024
The Scots saying “Ne’er cast a cloot til Mey’s oot” conveys a warning not to cast cloots (clothes) until summer has fully arrived and the Mayflowers (hawthorn blossoms) are in full bloom.
The custom of using the flowering branches for decorative purposes on May Day is of very ancient origin, but since the adoption of the Gregorian caldar in 1752, the tree has rarely been in full bloom in the gland before the second week of this month. In the Scottish Highlands the flowers can be seen until mid-June. The hawthorn was considered the emblem of hope, and its branches are said to have been carried by the ancient Greeks in wedding processions and used by them to adorn the altar of Hymaios. The supposition that the tree was the source of Jesus’ crown of thorns arguably gave rise to the French peasantry tradition (current to 1911) that it moans and cries on Good Friday , and probably also to the old popular superstition in Britain. Britain and Ireland that bad luck witnessed the uprooting of hawthorns. Glastonbury thorn branches (C. monogyna ‘Biflora’,
Sometimes called C. oxyacantha var. praecox), which blooms both in December and in spring, were once highly valued in the gland, because of the legend that the tree was originally the staff of Joseph of Arimathea.
Traces and reinterprets many European legends and myths in which the white thorn (hawthorn), also called may-tree, is central.
With A Friend Like Hawthorn
With the yew and the apple tree. It was once said to heal the broken heart. In Ireland the red fruit is, or was, called Johnny MacGorey or Magory.
Serbian folklore that spread across the Balkans notes that hawthorn (Serbian глог or glog) is essential for killing vampires, and the stakes used for their killing must be made from the wood of the thorny tree.
In Gaelic folklore, hawthorn (in Scottish Gaelic, sgitheach and in Irish, sceach) “marks the trance to the afterlife” and is strongly associated with fairies.
Tradition says that it is very
Hawthorn Berry Images
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