Oneseed Hawthorn Berries Fruit – English hawthorn is a deciduous small tree or large shrub in the Rosaceae (rose) family. Although introduced to North America in the 1800s, it has only recently become a problem on the West Coast. Hawthorn branches have many sturdy spines and the bark is smooth, pale and gray. The leaves are alternate, leathery and deeply lobed. The flowers grow in clusters of 10 – 20, are white with a pink tinge and have 5 petals. The plant also has clusters of single-seeded red berries. Seeds are widely distributed by birds.
English hawthorn resembles the native black hawthorn. The leaves of black hawthorn are only faintly lobed and the fruits are blackish rather than bright red.
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Oneseed Hawthorn Berries Fruit
English hawthorn grows in many soils, but seems to prefer moist, disturbed places. In its native range it often grows as a kind of forest substrate. Here in Oregon, it grows in riparian areas, meadows, woodlands, woodlands and abandoned fields. Once established, it can survive moderate drought
Crataegus Or Hawthorn
English hawthorn can grow in thorny thickets that suppress native vegetation and make it difficult for wildlife to move. It is also hybridizing with the native hawthorn, which can reduce the native hawthorn population and create a more weedy, more competitive variety. Birds may prefer berries over native berry plants, which can cause a reduction in native plant regeneration. APO/FPO, Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Azerbaijan Republic, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brunei Darussalam, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde Islands, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, China, Comoros, Congo, Democratic Republic, Congo, Republic of, Costa Rica, Ivory Coast (Ivory Coast), Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, French Guiana, French Polynesia, Republic of Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Greenland, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guernsey, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Honduras, India, Iraq, Japan, Jersey, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Li bia, Macau, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mald ives, Mali, Martinique, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Montserrat, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands Antilles, New Caledonia, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oceania, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Puerto Rico, Qatar, Reunion, Romania, Russian Federation, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Saint Kitts-Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South America, Sri Lanka, Svalbard and Jan Mayen, Swaziland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Turks and Caicos Islands, US Protectorates, Uganda, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Western Sahara, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
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In King County, Washington, common hawthorn is classified as an unregulated noxious weed and its control is recommended in natural areas restored to native vegetation and in protected forest and wilderness areas. The common hawthorn can also be a nuisance species in meadows and grazing wildlife areas and its removal from those areas is also recommended. This species is not on the Washington quarantine list and there is no restriction on its sale or use in landscaping. For more information, see Noxious Weed Lists and Laws, or visit the Washington State Noxious Weed Control Board website.
Hawthorn is carried by birds to forests and open fields where it can form dense, thorny shrubs that outnumber native species and impede the passage of large animals. Somewhat tolerant of shade and drought, the common hawthorn invades both open fields and forests in Washington, Oregon and California. parts of Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. Although more common west of the Cascades, the common hawthorn has also spread in eastern Washington.
The common hawthorn is generally an understory species in the forest in its native range, but in our region it grows well in a wide variety of habitats. Riparian areas, abandoned fields and meadows, shrubs and grasslands, oak forests and other wooded habitats are all vulnerable to invasion.
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Introduced from the 1800s, the common hawthorn seems to first spread in Oregon and southern Washington. Naturalized specimens were collected in Oregon in the early 1900s and a collection from Wahkiakum County, Washington in 1927 notes that the species was commonly established along roadsides. For more information on the common distribution of hawthorns, see the UW Burke Museum website.
Keep in mind that this species and other types of hawthorn may be legally sold and planted in Washington.
Some of the photos on this page are courtesy of Ben Legler. Do not use these images without the photographer’s permission. Other photos not otherwise labeled may be used for educational purposes, but list the King County Noxious Weed Control Program.
Program offices are located at 201 S. Jackson St., Suite 600, Seattle, WA 98104. To contact staff, see Harmful Weed Control Program Guide, email or call 206-477-WEED (206- 477-9333).