Washington Hawthorn Tree Berries Poisonous – Fruit of four different species of Crataegus (clockwise from top left: C. coccinea, C. punctata, C. ambigua and C. douglasii)
Mayflower, or hawberry, is a genus of several hundred species of shrubs and trees in the Rosaceae family,
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Washington Hawthorn Tree Berries Poisonous
Native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia, North Africa and North America. The name “hawthorn” was originally applied to species native to northern Europe, particularly the common hawthorn C. monogyna, and the unmodified name is often used in Great Britain and Ireland. The name is also applied to the tire gus and the Asian gus Rhaphiolepis.
Hawthorn Leaf Images
The Greek epithet, Crataegus, is derived from the Greek kratos “strong” due to the great strength of the wood and akis “sharp”, referring to the spines of some species.
The name haw, originally an old Glish term for hedge (from the Anglo-Saxon term haunghorn, “a fce with thorns”),
With small apple fruits and (usually) spiny branches. The most common type of bark is smooth gray in young individuals, which develop superficial longitudinal fissures with narrow risks in older trees. Thorns are small, pointed branches that grow either from other branches or from the trunk, and are usually 1–3 cm (1 ⁄2 -1 in) long (recorded up to
). The leaves grow spirally arranged on long shoots, and in clusters on spur shoots on the branches or branches. The leaves of most species have lobed or serrate margins and are somewhat variable in shape. The fruit, sometimes known as “haw”, is a berry, but structurally a pome containing from one to five pears that resemble the “stones” of plums, peaches, etc., which are drupaceous fruits in the same subfamily.
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The number of species in the gus depds on the taxonomic interpretation. Some botanists in the past recognized 1000 or more species,
The gus probably first appeared in the Eoce, with the ancestral area probably being eastern North America and Europe, which at that time was firmly connected via the Atlantic Land Bridge North. The first known leaves of gus from the Eoce of North America, with the first leaves from Europe being from the Oligoce.
Hawthorns provide food and shelter for many species of birds and mammals, and the flowers are important to many nectar-feeding insects. Hawthorns are also used as food plants by the larvae of a large number of Lepidoptera species, such as the small eggar moth, E. lanestris. Haws are important for wildlife in the winter, especially thrushes and birds; these birds eat the trees and spread the seeds in their droppings.
The “haws” or fruits of the common abruzzo, C. monogyna, are edible. In the UK, they are sometimes used to make homemade jelly or wine.
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The leaves are edible, and if they are harvested in the spring when they are still young, they are more suitable to be used in salads.
The young leaves and flowers, which are also edible, are known as “bread and cheese” in the rural gland.
In the southern United States, the fruits of three native species are collectively known as mayhaws and are made into jelly that is considered a delicacy. The Kutai people of northwestern North America used red and black fruits for food.
On Manitoulin Island, Ontario, some species of red fruit are called strawberries. During colonization, European settlers ate these fruits during the winter as the only remaining food supply. People born on the island are now called “haweaters”.
Difference Between Hawthorn And Blackthorn
The fruits of Crataegus mexicana are known in Mexico as tejocotes and are eaten raw, cooked or in jam during the winter. They are stuffed in the piñatas brok during the traditional pre-Christmas celebration known as Las Posadas. They are also cooked with other fruits to prepare a Christmas punch. The mixture of tejocote paste, sugar and chili powder produces a popular Mexican dessert called rielitos, which is manufactured by several brands.
The 4 cm fruits of the species Crataegus pinnatifida (Chinese hawthorn) are sour, bright red, and resemble small apple fruits. They are used to make many types of Chinese snacks, including haw flakes and being dipped in sugar syrup and put on a tanghulu stick. The fruits, which are called 山楂 shān zhā in Chinese, are also used to produce jams, jellies, juices, alcoholic beverages and other beverages; these could be used in other dishes (for example, many older recipes for Cantonese sweet and sour sauce call it shānzhā jam). In South Korea, a liquor called sansachun (산사춘) is made from the fruit.
In Iran, the fruits of Crataegus (including Crataegus azarolus var. Aronia, as well as other species) are known as zâlzâlak and eaten raw as a snack, or made into a jam known by the same name.
A 2008 Cochrane Collaboration meta-analysis of previous studies concluded that evidence exists of “a significant benefit in symptom control and physiological outcomes” for a hawthorn extract used as an adjuvant in the treatment of l chronic heart failure.
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Concluded that “Crataegus [hawthorn] preparations contain significant potential as a useful remedy in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.” The review indicated the need for further study of the best doses and concluded that although “many different theoretical interactions between Crataegus and orthodox medications have been postulated … none has [yet] been supported.
Several species of hawthorn have been used in traditional medicine. The products used are often derived from C. monogyna, C. laevigata, or apparent Crataegus species, “collectively known as hawthorn”, not necessarily distinguishing between these species.
The dried fruits of Crataegus pinnatifida (called shān zhā in Chinese) are used in traditional Chinese medicine, mainly as a digestive aid. A closely related species, Crataegus cuneata (Japanese hawthorn, called sanzashi in Japanese) is used in a similar way. Other species (especially Crataegus laevigata) are used in herbal medicine where the plant is believed to strgth the cardiovascular function.
The Kutai people of northwestern North America used the fruit of the black hawthorn (Kutai language: kaǂa; approximate pronunciation: kasha) for food, and the fruit of the red hawthorn (Kutai language : ǂupǂi; approximate pronunciation: shupshi) in traditional medicine.
Hawthorn Berry Fruit Tree Hi Res Stock Photography And Images
Many species and hybrids are used as ornamental and street trees. The common hawthorn is widely used in Europe as a hedge plant. During the British Agricultural Revolution in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, hawthorn saplings were propagated en masse in nurseries to create the new field boundaries required by the Inclosure Acts.
Several cultivars of the Midland hawthorn C. laevigata have been selected for their pink or red flowers. Hawthorns are among the most recommended trees for water conservation landscapes.
The Hawthorn can be used as roots in the practice of grafting. It is compatible with grafting with Mespilus (nedlar), and with pear, and makes a rootstock more resistant than quince, but the thorny habit of hawthorn can be problematic.
Seedlings of Crataegus monogyna have been used to ingest several species on the same trunk, such as the rose bush, the pear and the nefli, the result is trees that give pink and white flowers in May and fruits during l summer “Chip budding” is also carried out on hawthorn trunks to have branches of several varieties on the same tree. Such trees can be found in Vigo, Spain, and in northwestern France (mainly in Brittany).
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The Scots saying “Ne’er cast a cloot til Mey’s oot” conveys a warning not to throw away cloots (clothes) before summer has fully arrived and the Mayflowers (hawthorn flowers) are in full bloom.
The custom of using flowering branches for decorative purposes on the 1st of May is of very early origin, but since the adoption of the Gregorian caldar in 1752, the tree is rarely in full flower in glands before the second week of that month. In the Scottish Highlands, the flowers can be seen until mid-June. The hawthorn was regarded as the emblem of hope, and its branches are said to have been carried by the ancient Greeks in wedding processions, and to have been used by them to cover the altar of Hymaios. The hypothesis that the tree was the origin of Jesus’ crown of thorns probably gave rise to the tradition among French peasants (but until 1911) that it grows groans and cries on Friday Saint, and probably also to the ancient popular superstition of Great Britain and Ireland that bad luck attacked the rooting of the hawthorns. Glastonbury thorn (C. monogyna ‘Biflora’,
Sometimes called C. oxyacantha var. praecox), which blooms in December and spring, were previously very popular in the gland, due to the legend that the tree was originally the staff of Joseph of Arimathea.
Traces and reinterprets many European legds and myths in which the whitethorn (hawthorn), also called May-tree, is central.
Crataegus Marshallii (hawthorn, Parsley Hawthorn, Thornapple)
With yew and apple. It was once said to cure the brick heart. In Ireland, the red fruit is, or was, called Johnny MacGorey or Magory.
Serbian folklore that spread through the Balkans notes that the hawthorn ( Serbian глог or glog ) is essential for killing vampires, and the stakes used for their killing must be made from the wood of the thorn tree.
In Gaelic folklore, the hawthorn (in Scottish Gaelic, sgitheach and in Irish, sceach) “marks the trance to the other world” and is strongly associated with fairies.
Lore has that is a lot