Where Are Hawthorn Berries Grown – Those of you who are regular readers of this little column will probably know that I’m no stranger to kayaking and that I’ve been thrown inside on one of several botanical excursions (all of my excursions are botanical after all) in a variety of wet situations.
I’ve also been known to paddle around in a kayak on a cold winter’s day, which isn’t usually my style as I’m much more of a fan of summer, however hot it gets. However, even I will admit that there is something to be said for looking at the wonderful world around us on one of these short, slow days.
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Where Are Hawthorn Berries Grown
So, I was recently swimming in the waters of an old lake connected to our own Congaree River here in central South Carolina on a partly cloudy and cool January afternoon. Most of the greenery is long gone, of course, although there are some fairly scattered evergreens in the swamp. So the kayaker is largely faced with a continuous and varied palette of grays and browns, the floodplain trees are bare. And then, suddenly, this!
Common (english) Hawthorn Identification And Control: Crataegus Monogyna
I have to tell you that I kind of gasped when we rounded a corner and then this lovely bush – a small tree – actually popped out in front of our eyes. It looked like it was on fire, standing out from the gray around it. I should also tell you in advance that this is a native species of hawthorn – green hawthorn,
All the hawthorns (sometimes simply called “haws”) in the world belong to the genus Crataegus, and there are several hundred species around the northern hemisphere, including North America. They occupy a wide variety of habitats and many provide important food sources for wildlife as well as ornamental value.
The green hawthorn is a fairly common inhabitant of southern swamps and floodplains from Pennsylvania to Arkansas and Texas, then to northern Florida. The stems of older individuals are often spiny.
All glogins are almost deciduous. This one has leaves that are broadly elliptic, but the shape is variable and many leaves will be highly convex. The blades are serrated at the edges and by the New Year all those leaves will be dead and gone.
Hawthorn Berries In Autumn Stock Photo. Image Of Foliage
The flowers are really attractive, snow white when fully open and appear in late spring. All glogins have perfect colors ie. with both pollen and ovules produced in the same color. The flowers are held in tight clusters, each with five petals.
After fertilization, young fruits should develop. During the long growing season, the fruits grow and swell, each containing 3-5 seeds. The ripe fruit will be what we call a “seed”, essentially like a miniature apple or pear. (Or pyracantha.)
At some point, the cells of the rind of the fruit begin to release red pigments. A mass of ripe fruit crammed on the branches can be quite a sight. I hope you can find some to admire before the birds eat them.
John Nelson is curator of the A. C. Moore Herbarium at the University of South Carolina, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia SC 29208. As a public service, the herbarium offers free plant identifications. For more information, visit www.herbarium.org or call 803-777-8196 or email [email protected] Fruits of four different Crataegus species (clockwise from top left: C. coccinea, C. punctata, C. ambigua and C. douglasii)
Guide: Managing Hawthorn Around Waterways
The Mayflower, or blueberry, is a species of several hundred species of shrubs and trees of the Rosaceae family,
Native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia, North Africa and North America. The name “hawthorn” was originally applied to the species native to northern Europe, especially the common hawthorn C. monogyna, and the unmodified name is often used in Great Britain and Ireland. The name is now also applied to the goshawk and the related Asiatic goose Rhaphiolepis.
The Geric epithet, Crataegus, is derived from the Greek kratos “strong” because of the great strength of the tree and akis “sharp” referring to the spines of some species.
The name haw, originally an Old Gaelic term for a hedge (from the Anglo-Saxon term hundhorn, “men with thorns”),
A Complete Guide To Washington Hawthorn Trees
With small drupes and (usually) spiny branches. The most common type of bark is smooth gray in young individuals, developing shallow longitudinal fissures with narrow edges in older trees. Thorns are small branches with sharp tips that arise either from other branches or from the trunk, and are usually 1–3 cm (1 ⁄2–1 in) long (recorded as up to
). Leaves grow spirally arranged on long shoots and in clusters on shoots of branches or twigs. The leaves of most species have toothed or toothed edges and are somewhat variable in shape. The fruit, sometimes known as an “apple,” is similar to a berry, but structurally a seed containing from one to five pits, which resemble the “stones” of plums, peaches, etc., which are drupes of the same subfamily.
The number of species in gus depends on taxonomic interpretation. Some botanists in the past recognized 1,000 or more species,
Gus probably first appeared in the Eoce, with the ancestral area probably being eastern North America and Europe, which at the time were closely connected by the North Atlantic land bridge. The earliest known gus leaves are from the Eoce of North America, and the earliest leaves from Europe are from the Oligoce.
Red Hawthorn Berries Are Tiny Fruits Growing On Trees And Shrubs In The Sunshine Stock Photo
Hawthorn provides food and shelter for many species of birds and mammals, and the flowers are important to many nectar-feeding insects. Hawthorns are also used as food plants by the larvae of a large number of Lepidoptera species, such as the small egg moth, E. lanestris. Haws are important for winter wildlife, especially thrushes and waxwings; these birds eat the mange and disperse the seeds in their droppings.
The “hawthorns” or fruits of the common hawthorn, C. monogyna, are edible. In the UK they are sometimes used to make jelly or homemade wine.
The leaves are edible and if picked in the spring while they are still young, they are fine to use in salads.
The young leaves and flower buds, which are also edible, are known as “bread and cheese” in the country gland.
Wholesale Washington Hawthorn Trees In Michigan
In the southern United States, the fruits of three native species are known as mayhaw and are made into jellies, which are considered a delicacy. The Kutai people of northwestern North America used red and black hawthorn berries for food.
On Manitoulin Island, Ontario, some species with red berries are called blueberries. During colonization, European settlers ate these fruits in the winter as the only food left. People born on the island are now called “haweaters”.
The fruits of Crataegus mexicana are known in Mexico as tejocotes and are eaten raw, cooked or made into jam in the winter. They are stuffed into the pinata broque during the traditional pre-Christmas celebration known as Las Posadas. They are also prepared with other fruits to make Christmas punch. A mixture of tejocote paste, sugar, and chili powder produces popular Mexican candies called rielitos, which are made by several brands.
4 cm fruits of the species Crataegus pinnatifida (Chinese hawthorn) are tart, bright red and look like small crab berries. They are used to make many types of Chinese snacks, including goblins and covered in sugar syrup and placed on a tangulu stick. The fruits, which are called 山楂 shān zhā in Chinese, are also used to make jams, jellies, juices, alcoholic beverages and other beverages; these, in turn, can be used in other dishes (for example, many older Cantonese sweet and sour sauce recipes call for shānzhā jam). In South Korea, alcohol called sansachun (산사춘) is made from the fruit.
Red Ripe Hawthorn Berries On The Branches In The Garden In The Sunlight. Crataegus Laevigata. Selective Focus Stock Photo
In Iran, the fruits of Crataegus (including Crataegus azarolus var. Aronia as well as other species) are known as zâlzâlak and are eaten raw as a snack or made into a jam known by the same name.
A 2008 Cochrane Collaboration meta-analysis of previous studies concluded that there was evidence of “significant benefit in symptom control and physiological outcomes” for hawthorn extract used as an adjunct in the treatment of chronic heart failure.
Concluded that “preparations from Crataegus [hawthorn] have considerable potential as a useful drug in the treatment of cardiovascular disease”. The review pointed to the need for further research into the best dosages and concluded that although “many different theoretical interactions between Crataegus and orthodox drugs have been postulated … none [yet] have been substantiated.
Several species of hawthorn are used in traditional medicine. The products used are often derived from C. monogyna, C. laevigata or related species of Crataegus, “collectively known as hawthorn”, without necessarily distinguishing between these species.
Foraging 101: How To Identify And Harvest Hawthorn
The dried fruits of Crataegus pinnatifida (called shān zhā in Chinese) are used in traditional Chinese medicine, primarily as a digestive aid. A closely related species, Crataegus cuneata (Japanese hawthorn, called sanzashi in Japanese) is used in a similar way. Other species (especially Crataegus laevigata) are used in herbal medicine, where the plant is believed to strengthen cardiovascular function.
The Kutai people of northwestern North America used the berries of the black hawthorn (Kutai language: kaǂa; approximate pronunciation: kasha) for food and the berries of the red hawthorn (Kutai language: